RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The unique characteristics of rural areas and agricultural work can contribute to the genesis of diseases, including mental disorders such as depression. AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with depression symptoms in Brazilian farmers. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study involving 784 farmers of the state of Espírito Santo/Brazil was carried out. Depression was identified using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to assess the associated factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression symptoms among farmers was 16.8% (n = 132). Of those experiencing symptoms, 6.1% (n = 48) we're currently experiencing a depressive episode, and 10.7% (n = 84) a recurrent depressive episodes. The associated factors were: female gender (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.04-2.54), not owning the land (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.11-2.89), professional dissatisfaction (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.18-3.35), previous pesticide poisoning (OR 2.87; 95% CI 1.45-5.67), complex multimorbidity (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.15-3.31) and occurrence of previous depressive episodes (OR 9.83; 95% CI 4.39-21.99). CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of depression symptoms was identified among rural workers. Sociodemographic, occupational, clinical, and professional dissatisfaction factors were associated with a higher risk of depression symptoms in this population.
RESUMO
BACKGROUNG: Attitudes Towards Sexuality in Adolescents (ATSA) are built according to the experiences and different social contexts. OBJECTIVES: to analyze attitudes towards sexuality itself, according to socioeconomic factors in adolescents aged. METHODS: Cross-sectional school-based study was carried out with 2,292 adolescents enrolled in high school, in 54 schools, through interviews using the Attitudes Toward Sexuality in Adolescents (AFSA) instrument that has four dimensions, and measures the Permissiveness, Communion, Instrumentality and Sexual Practices. Then, the attitude of each adolescent was classified as: unfavorable, indifferent and favorable. Pearson's Chi-square test and Multinomial Logistic Regression were used in statistical analyses. RESULTS: It was verified that the majority of the adolescents presented unfavorable AFSA, being these behaviors directly associated to: age of 15/16 and 17 years (OR=0.59; OR=0.47); lower secondary education (OR=2.03); adolescent's head of family having low education (OR=2.00); to live with the partner (OR=2.77); race / color black (OR=2.04) and brown (OR=1.88); and lower family income (OR=2.50). CONCLUSION: Adolescents with lower socioeconomic status are more likely to have unfavorable attitudes towards their own sexuality.
INTRODUÇÃO: Atitudes Face à Sexualidade em Adolescentes (AFSA) são construídas conforme as experiências vivenciadas e os diferentes contextos sociais. OBJETIVO: Analisar as atitudes diante da própria sexualidade, de acordo com fatores socioeconômicos em adolescentes. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base escolar foi realizado com 2.292 adolescentes matriculados no ensino médio, em 54 escolas, por meio de entrevistas utilizando o instrumento AFSA, com quatro dimensões: Permissividade, Comunhão, Instrumentalidade e Práticas Sexuais. Em seguida, a atitude de cada adolescente foi classificada em: desfavorável, indiferente e favorável. Foram usados os testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Regressão Logística Multinomial nas análises estatísticas. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que a maior parte dos adolescentes apresentou AFSA desfavorável, sendo tais comportamentos diretamente associados a: idade de 15/16 e 17 anos (OR=0,59; OR=0,47); menor série do ensino médio (OR=2,03); chefe da família do adolescente ter baixa escolaridade (OR=2,00); conviver com o companheiro (OR=2,77); raça/cor preta (OR=2,04) e parda (OR=1,88); e menor renda familiar (OR=2,50). CONCLUSÃO: Adolescentes com menor nível socioeconômico possuem maior chance de apresentarem atitudes desfavoráveis face à própria sexualidade.
